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PENGARUH WARNA CAHAYA LED TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN STADIA, PROPORSI KEHIDUPAN IMAGO, DAN PRODUKTIVITAS BIOMASSA ELAEIDOBIUS KAMERUNICUS PADA SPIKELET KELAPA SAWIT FASE ANTHESIS

Elaeidobius kamerunicus Faust (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is the primary pollinating insect of oil palm whose reproductive success is strongly influenced by environmental conditions, including light spectrum. This study aimed to analyze the effect of various LED light colors on the developmental stage dynamics, adult survival proportion, and biomass productivity of E. kamerunicus on male oil palm spikelet. The study employed an experimental design with six treatments, consisting of five LED light color treatments (white, red, yellow, green, and blue) and one control (natural environmental conditions without LED), each with seven replications, resulting in a total of 42 experimental units. Each experimental unit consisted of one spikelet from a male oil palm inflorescence at the anthesis phase containing E. kamerunicus, placed inside a primary cage made of thinwall container with insect net ventilation. The primary cages were placed inside a secondary cage (insectarium) covered with black cloth and equipped with LED lamps operating under an automated photoperiod cycle of 14 hours light and 10 hours dark using the HISTAR Smart Home application. Observations were conducted every three days over a 22-day period through horizontal spikelet dissection, with recording of the number of live and dead individuals per developmental stage and biomass measurement using an analytical balance with a precision of 10?? g. Data analysis included cubic polynomial mathematical modeling and Spearman rank correlation. The results showed that yellow LED produced the highest adult productivity and biomass (149 individuals; 0.349 g; biomass-to-pollen ratio of 0.171), green LED demonstrated the best overall performance balance across all developmental stages with the lowest average adult survival decline per three days (?5.293%), while blue LED yielded the highest number of third-instar larvae (95 individuals) and the highest proportion of live adults on day 16. Red LED resulted in the highest adult mortality, which was associated with spectral incompatibility with the visual system of Curculionidae. This study concludes that yellow, green, and blue LED represent the most conducive lighting alternatives for supporting the life cycle continuity and productivity of E. kamerunicus in rearing systems, with important implications for pollination management in oil palm plantations.